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Spring Security配置是通过 @EnableWebSecurity注释和WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter共同提供基于网络的安全性。
WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter类的configure(HttpSecurity http)方法是设置 HTTP 验证规则,configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth)方法是自定义身份验证组件
/** * @Author xiangjian * @Date 2019/2/24 * @Description 实现WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter接口, */@Configuration@EnableWebSecurity@EnableGlobalMethodSecurity(prePostEnabled = true)public class WebSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {@Autowiredprivate UserDetailsService userDetailsService;@Beanpublic BCryptPasswordEncoder bCryptPasswordEncoder() { return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();}/** * 设置 HTTP 验证规则 * 复写这个方法来配置 {@link HttpSecurity}. * 通常,子类不能通过调用 super 来调用此方法,因为它可能会覆盖其配置。 默认配置为: * http.authorizeRequests().anyRequest().authenticated().and().formLogin().and().httpBasic(); * 匹配 "/" 路径,不需要权限即可访问 * 匹配 "/user" 及其以下所有路径,都需要 "USER" 权限 * 登录地址为 "/login",登录成功默认跳转到页面 "/user" * 退出登录的地址为 "/logout",退出成功后跳转到页面 "/login" * 默认启用 CSRF * 用于配置权限认证的方式 * @param http * @throws Exception */@Overrideprotected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception { //cors解决跨域问题 http.cors().and() //关闭跨站请求伪造 .csrf().disable() .authorizeRequests() //api要允许匿名访问 .antMatchers(HttpMethod.OPTIONS).permitAll() .antMatchers("/api/**").permitAll() .antMatchers("/", "/*.html","/favicon.ico", "/css/**", "/js/**").permitAll().anyRequest().authenticated(); // 基于token,所以不需要session http.sessionManagement().sessionCreationPolicy(SessionCreationPolicy.STATELESS); // 解决不允许显示在iframe的问题 http.headers().frameOptions().disable(); // 禁用缓存 http.headers().cacheControl(); http.addFilter(new JWTLoginFilter(authenticationManager())); http.addFilterBefore(new JWTAuthenticationFilter(authenticationManager()), UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class);} /** * 使用自定义身份验证组件 * 重写安全认证,加入密码加密方式 * @param auth * @throws Exception */@Overridepublic void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception { auth.userDetailsService(userDetailsService).passwordEncoder(bCryptPasswordEncoder());}}
http.sessionManagement().sessionCreationPolicy(SessionCreationPolicy.STATELESS)方法说明:
Spring Security下的枚举SessionCreationPolicy,管理session的创建策略ALWAYS:总是创建HttpSessionIF_REQUIRED:Spring Security只会在需要时创建一个HttpSessionNEVER:Spring Security不会创建HttpSession,但如果它已经存在,将可以使用HttpSessionSTATELESS:Spring Security永远不会创建HttpSession,它不会使用HttpSession来获取SecurityContextspring-security主要包含二部分:第一是用户验证,第二是鉴权。
用户验证:UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter去进行用户账号的验证
鉴权:BasicAuthenticationFilter去进行用户权限的验证JWTLoginFilter继承于UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter
用于获取用户登录的信息,创建一个token并调用authenticationManager.authenticate()让spring-security去进行验证JWTAuthenticationFilter继承于BasicAuthenticationFilte用于权限验证,,每一次请求都需要检查该用户是否有该权限去操作该资源
核心功能是在验证用户名密码正确后,生成一个token,并将token返回给客户端
该类继承自UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter,重写了其中的2个方法:attemptAuthentication :接收并解析用户凭证。successfulAuthentication :用户成功登录后,这个方法会被调用,我们在这个方法里生成token。/*** 验证用户名密码正确后,生成一个token,并将token返回给客户端* 该类继承自UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter,重写了其中的2个方法* attemptAuthentication :接收并解析用户凭证。* successfulAuthentication :用户成功登录后,这个方法会被调用,我们在这个方法里生成token。*/public class JWTLoginFilter extends UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter {private AuthenticationManager authenticationManager; public JWTLoginFilter(AuthenticationManager authenticationManager) { this.authenticationManager = authenticationManager;}// 接收并解析用户凭证@Overridepublic Authentication attemptAuthentication(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws AuthenticationException { try { SysUserDto user = GsonUtil.getInstance().fromJson(request.getReader(),SysUserDto.class); return authenticationManager.authenticate( new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken( user.getUsername(), user.getPassword(), new ArrayList<>())); } catch (JsonSyntaxException | JsonIOException | IOException | NullPointerException e) { e.printStackTrace(); ResultBean result = new ResultBean<>(); result.setState(1); result.setErrorMsg("参数格式错误"); ResponseUtil.responseJson(response, HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST.value(), result); } return null;}@Overrideprotected void successfulAuthentication(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, FilterChain chain, Authentication auth) throws IOException, ServletException { LoginUserDetail loginUser = (LoginUserDetail) auth.getPrincipal(); String tokenStr = Jwts.builder() .setSubject(loginUser.getUsername()) // 使用Cache记录jwt的token过滤缓存 // .setExpiration(new Date(System.currentTimeMillis() + 60 * 30 * 1 * 1000)) .signWith(SignatureAlgorithm.HS512, "CrmJwtSecret") .compact(); JWTCacheUtil.CACHE.add("Bearer " + tokenStr,loginUser); Token token = new Token(tokenStr,0L); response.addHeader("Authorization", "Bearer " + token); ResultBean result = new ResultBean<>(); result.setState(0); ResponseUtil.responseJson(response, HttpStatus.OK.value(), token);}@Overrideprotected void unsuccessfulAuthentication(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, AuthenticationException failed) throws IOException, ServletException { String msg; if (failed instanceof BadCredentialsException) { msg = "密码错误"; } else { msg = failed.getMessage(); } ResultBean result = new ResultBean<>(); result.setState(1); result.setErrorMsg(msg); ResponseUtil.responseJson(response, HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED.value(), result); } }
这个类中实现token的校验功能该类继承自BasicAuthenticationFilter,在doFilterInternal方法中,从http头的Authorization 项读取token数据,然后用Jwts包提供的方法校验token的合法性。如果校验通过,就认为这是一个取得授权的合法请求
/*** token的校验* 该类继承自BasicAuthenticationFilter,在doFilterInternal方法中,* 从http头的Authorization 项读取token数据,然后用Jwts包提供的方法校验token的合法性。* 如果校验通过,就认为这是一个取得授权的合法请求*/public class JWTAuthenticationFilter extends BasicAuthenticationFilter {public JWTAuthenticationFilter(AuthenticationManager authenticationManager) { super(authenticationManager);}@Overrideprotected void doFilterInternal(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException { String header = request.getHeader("Authorization"); if (header == null || !header.startsWith("Bearer ")) { chain.doFilter(request, response); return; } UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken authentication = getAuthentication(request); SecurityContextHolder.getContext().setAuthentication(authentication); chain.doFilter(request, response);}private UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken getAuthentication(HttpServletRequest request) { String token = request.getHeader("Authorization"); try { if (token != null) { // parse the token. if (JWTCacheUtil.CACHE.exist(token)){ LoginUserDetail loginUser = (LoginUserDetail) JWTCacheUtil.CACHE.get(token); String user = Jwts.parser() .setSigningKey("CrmJwtSecret") .parseClaimsJws(token.replace("Bearer ", "")) .getBody() .getSubject(); if (user != null) { UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken authentication = new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(loginUser, null, loginUser.getAuthorities()); return authentication; } } } } catch (ExpiredJwtException | UnsupportedJwtException | MalformedJwtException | io.jsonwebtoken.SignatureException | IllegalArgumentException e) { return null; } return null; } }
JWT来处理用户名密码的认证。区别在于,认证通过后,服务器生成一个token,将token返回给客户端,客户端以后的所有请求都需要在http头中指定该token。服务器接收的请求后,会对token的合法性进行验证。验证的内容包括:JWT格式、检查签名、检查claims、检查权限
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